Divine Aleru, Microbiome Signatures Research Coordinator

This review connects gut microbiota dysbiosis to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism in COS, identifying reduced CFA producers and increased PS-producing microbes as key signatures. It supports microbiota-targeted therapies as promising treatments for metabolic and reproductive symptoms in COS.

This review introduces the OGMA theory linking gut dysbiosis and leaky gut to insulin resistance, inflammation, and hyperandrogenism in COS. It outlines a compelling rationale for microbiome-targeted therapies using prebiotics and probiotics.

This review links dysbiosis of gut and vaginal microbiota to COS pathogenesis, highlighting reduced Lactobacillus, elevated Bacteroides, and hormonal imbalance. It supports microbiome-targeted therapies like MT and probiotics as promising interventions, emphasizing the role of microbiota in regulating hormones, immunity, and metabolic function.

This Mendelian randomization study identifies a bidirectional causal link between specific gut microbes and COS. Bacilli and Burkholderiales increase COS risk, while Blautia and Cyanobacteria show protective effects. Findings reveal gut microbial signatures that may be targeted for COS treatment.

This study shows reduced gut microbiota diversity and increased ABA-producing bacteria in COS, linking microbial shifts to elevated H levels and supporting a gut–brain axis mechanism. The findings highlight microbial contributions to neuroendocrine dysfunction and suggest therapeutic avenues through microbiome-targeted interventions.

This review explores insulin resistance as a primary driver of COS, detailing molecular signaling defects and their clinical consequences. It provides critical insight into how hyperinsulinemia fuels both metabolic dysfunction and androgen excess, reinforcing COS as a systemic endocrine-metabolic disorder, with implications for microbiome-linked disease signatures.

This review links gut microbiota disruption to the development and symptoms of COS, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. It highlights microbiota-targeted therapies—like probiotics, prebiotics, and traditional medicine—as promising options to improve COS outcomes and repositions the gut microbiome as a central factor in understanding and treating the disorder.

Metronidazole is a synthetic nitroimidazole antimicrobial agent classified as a pharmaceutical antibiotic, widely used to treat anaerobic bacterial and protozoal infections. Its therapeutic application spans a range of systemic and localized conditions, including bacterial vaginosis, gastrointestinal infections, and surgical prophylaxis.[1][2][3] Due to its ability to selectively target anaerobic organisms and protozoa, metronidazole has become a […]

This study found a significant association between metronidazole use and neurologic toxicity, including encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy, especially in older adults. Even low doses of metronidazole were linked to an increased risk of adverse events, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring and alternative therapies for high-risk patients.

This study uncovers complex mechanisms of metronidazole resistance in C. difficile, highlighting key genetic mutations and iron-dependent metabolic shifts that reduce drug efficacy. These findings inform future therapeutic strategies to address C. difficile infections.