Divine Aleru, Microbiome Signatures Research Coordinator

This review details how acupuncture and related therapies reduce inflammatory mediators, cytokines, chemokines, and leukocytes, to relieve primary dysmenorrhea, and underscores the need for microbiome-focused research.

This network meta‑analysis ranks six exercise modalities for primary dysmenorrhea, showing resistance and multi‑component training best reduce pain and symptoms, with clear dosage guidelines for clinical implementation.

This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta‐analysis plan to evaluate acupuncture, with or without moxibustion, for pain relief and safety in women with primary dysmenorrhea.

Vitamin D and calcium supplementation can significantly reduce primary dysmenorrhea symptoms and reliance on analgesics. The inverse relationship between serum vitamin D and calcium levels and dysmenorrhea severity supports their use as effective adjunct therapies.

A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that vitamin D supplementation effectively reduces primary dysmenorrhea pain, especially with doses over 50,000 U weekly, with significant improvements in pain severity and serum 25(H)D levels.

Yoga, especially asanas, pranayama, and yoga nidra, significantly reduces menstrual pain and distress in women with dysmenorrhea. These practices improve pain tolerance and overall well-being, offering a non-pharmacological alternative to traditional treatments.

Self-care interventions like exercise, heat, and acupressure significantly reduce menstrual pain in primary dysmenorrhea, with exercise showing the largest effect. These methods may be effective alternatives to medication.

Lactobacillus gasseri LL2809 significantly reduced menstrual pain and dysmenorrhea in endometriosis patients, offering a potential non-hormonal alternative to traditional treatments. No adverse effects were reported.

Bovine lactoferrin shows promise as an adjunct for pain relief, enhancing opioid efficacy while reducing side effects. Its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions warrant further research in clinical settings.

Lf improved psychological symptoms related to menstrual distress, particularly autonomic balance, in healthy women. However, no significant effects on menstrual pain or quality of life were observed.