Karen Pendergrass, Standards Team

The study found that 100% of the D patients who completed the study tested positive for allergic contact mucositis to Nickel.

This study offers new insights into the potential link between nickel sensitivity and symptom severity in endometriosis, suggesting that a low-nickel diet may be a promising intervention for alleviating associated gastrointestinal and gynecological symptoms.

This study suggests that nickel sensitivity may play a significant role in the etiology of BS, warranting further exploration and potentially influencing future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for BS management.

What was reviewed?The review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiota-brain axis (BA) and its role in various neurological disorders. Specifically, the paper examined the intricate bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota (M) and the central nervous system (NS), exploring how dysbiosis (an imbalance in the gut microbiota) contributes to the pathogenesis of […]

Pathways of communication between the microbiota and the brain.

What Was The paper reviews the emerging field of neuromicrobiology, which explores the interactions between the gut microbiome and the brain, particularly focusing on how gut microbiota produce neuroactive metabolites that influence cognitive function and brain health. It addresses the biosynthesis, absorption, and transport of these neuroactive metabolites, including neurotransmitters such as γ-aminobutyric acid (ABA), […]

What Was The study reviewed the effectiveness of partially hydrolyzed guar gum (HGG), a water-soluble prebiotic dietary fiber, on cognitive function, sleep efficiency, and overall mental health in elderly individuals. The research specifically focused on assessing the impact of HGG supplementation on cognitive domains such as visual memory and simple attention, sleep quality parameters like […]

MAO is a metabolite formed when gut bacteria convert dietary nutrients like choline and L-carnitine into trimethylamine (MA), which is then oxidized in the liver to MAO. This compound is linked to cardiovascular disease, as it promotes atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and inflammation, highlighting the crucial role of gut microbiota in influencing heart health.

This study shows that kidney function is the key regulator of MAO levels, linked to cardiovascular risk. Reno-protective therapies, like LP-1 receptor agonists, may lower MAO levels, offering new strategies for managing cardiovascular and kidney health.

This review underscores the critical role of gut microbiota and MAO in heart failure pathophysiology and opens up new avenues for therapeutic interventions targeting the gut–MAO–F axis. The findings suggest promising directions for future research and clinical applications aimed at improving F patient care and outcomes.

This review emphasizes the significant alterations in gut microbiota in severe chronic heart failure (HF) patients and suggests that gut microbiota modulation could be a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention. The study provides a foundation for future research aimed at leveraging gut microbiota to improve HF management and patient health.

This review explores the gut-heart axis, highlighting how gut microbiota alterations and metabolites like MAO and CFAs contribute to heart failure (F). It evaluates the gut hypothesis, emphasizing bacterial translocation and inflammation in F, and discusses potential interventions.

This review in Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology examines the vaginal microbiome’s role in health and disease, particularly bacterial vaginosis (V). It highlights the shift from a Lactobacillus-dominant microbiome in health to a dysbiotic state in V, linked to increased risk of TIs, ID, and preterm birth. It also discusses current diagnostic and treatment limitations, emphasizing advanced molecular techniques and innovative therapies like probiotics and vaginal microbiota transplantation (MT) for better management and improved reproductive health outcomes.

Parkinson’s disease (D) is a neurodegenerative disorder primarily characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal pathway, leading to progressive hypokinetic movements [1], and a range of non-motor symptoms including gastrointestinal (I) dysfunction [2]. Emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome may influence D through the gut–brain axis. D is one of the […]

What Was The review focused on the potential therapeutic role of minocycline, a semisynthetic tetracycline-derived antibiotic, in Parkinson’s disease (D). It encompassed both preclinical and clinical studies to evaluate minocycline’s neuroprotective effects and its mechanisms of action in various experimental models of neurodegenerative diseases, including cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (LS), Huntington’s […]

The study showed dramatic, sustained improvements in SD symptoms in dizygotic female twins through a personalized, multidisciplinary approach targeting modifiable lifestyle and environmental factors, including microbiome-targeted interventions. These included dietary changes, gluten-free and casein-free diets, and supplements like omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics to support gut health and overall wellbeing.

Microbiome Targeted Interventions (BTIs) are cutting-edge treatments that utilize information from Microbiome Signatures to modulate the microbiome, revolutionizing medicine with unparalleled precision and impact.

This study evaluates nickel chelation therapy using MG against multidrug-resistant Salmonella and Klebsiella. MG impaired virulence by inhibiting Ni-dependent enzymes, reduced bacterial load in organs, and improved survival in animal models, offering a promising metallomic intervention.

The radiotracer [111In]BPA5 accumulated in the mouse uterus, with uptake varying according to the estrous cycle, suggesting an increased abundance of relaxed fibronectin during estrogen-dependent phases.

S2, a gallium complex, inhibits tumor invasion by targeting MP-14, with implications for anti-metastatic cancer therapy.

What was studied? The study explored the impact of photobiomodulation therapy using different types of light on the major salivary glands and its subsequent effects on caries risk factors in individuals with high risk for dental caries. The therapy modalities tested included polarized polychromatic light, continuous ED light, and pulsed ED light, each aiming to modify […]

This review highlights gallium’s role as an iron mimic disrupting bacterial iron metabolism, effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Innovations in gallium delivery, including nanomaterials and synergistic therapies with antibiotics, address bioavailability challenges and enhance its antimicrobial potency.

What was studied? The study focused on evaluating the antibiofilm, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the methanolic extract of the marine algae Padina pavonica Who was studied? The subjects of the study were various microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Streptococcus agalactiae. Additionally, […]

What was studied?The study investigated the antimicrobial, probiotic, and immunobiological effects of the Henola Cannabis sativae extract and its combinations with specific carriers: polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, magnesium aluminometasilicate, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.  The study demonstrated that Henola Cannabis sativae extract, particularly when combined with carriers like hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against various pathogens […]

What was studied? The study focused on terpenes derived from plants as potential antimicrobial agents, particularly their effectiveness against antibiotic-resistant infections. This included an exploration of the diverse mechanisms by which terpenes combat microbial resistance, their bioavailability, and the synergistic effects when combined with other antimicrobials. Who was studied? The research mainly involved microbial organisms that […]

What was studied?The study investigated the antimicrobial effects of essential oils derived from the Colombian plant Lippia origanoides, specifically focusing on two terpenes, thymol and carvacrol, against polymicrobial biofilms of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Candida albicans. The study also assessed the cytotoxic effects of these compounds on human skin keratinocytes (CaT) and periodontal ligament […]

Pueraria flower extract (FE) inhibits endometriotic cell adhesion, migration, and MP expression, reducing lesions in a mouse model, offering potential for non-hormonal therapies.

The study investigates the role of cholestyramine for refractory iodine-induced hyperthyroidism, showing rapid T4 reduction in 12 days.

What was studied? The study examined the role of biofilms in chronic infections and evaluated whether current medical approaches are effectively targeting biofilm-related infections. Who was studied? The study focused on clinical observations and laboratory analyses involving patients with chronic infections. It analyzed biofilm samples and treatment outcomes in these patients. What were the most important findings?The […]

The review investigated the biological and medicinal importance of flavonols, particularly their roles in disease prevention and treatment. The focus was on their antioxidative properties and their potential therapeutic utility against diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and microbial infections.The key findings highlighted the protective roles of flavonols such as quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, and fisetin against oxidative […]

What was studied?The study examined the association between urinary lead concentrations and changes in the gut microbiota composition in a population-based sample of adults. The research explored how varying levels of lead exposure could impact microbial diversity, richness, and specific bacterial taxa within the gut. Who was studied?The study population comprised adults from Wisconsin, SA, who […]

What was studied?The study investigated the role of copper in microbial pathogenesis. Specifically, it examined how copper serves as both a necessary nutrient for microbial organisms and a microbial weapon used by hosts against pathogens. The research explored copper’s dual roles, its involvement in various microbial resistance mechanisms, and its interaction with the host’s immune […]

What was studied? The study investigated the impact of heavy metal exposure on the composition and function of gut microbiota. Specifically, it looked at how heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury affect the diversity, richness, and metabolism of gut bacteria. Who was studied? The research encompassed various model organisms, including humans, mice, rats, […]

 What was studied?The study focused on the pathophysiology, genetic variants, and epigenetic abnormalities underlying endometriosis and adenomyosis. It emphasized the mechanisms through which these conditions develop, the somatic mutations and epigenetic changes in endometrial and adenomyotic tissues, and the clinical implications of these findings. The primary genetic alterations studied include mutations in the RAS gene […]

What was studied?The research focused on examining the effects of CB 126, a dioxin-like pollutant, on gut health and microbiota as well as metabolic homeostasis in a mouse model predisposed to cardiometabolic diseases. The study investigated how exposure to this pollutant influences the gut microbiome, intestinal and systemic inflammation, metabolic hormones, and the development of […]

What was studied?The study focused on the potential impact of environmental exposure to dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (CBs) on the development of endometriosis. It specifically reviewed the complexities and challenges of determining the effects of such toxicants on human health, with an emphasis on reproductive tract diseases. Who was studied?The research predominantly referenced studies involving both human […]

What was studied?The retrospective study explored the prevalence of endometriosis in patients with uterine malformations. It specifically investigated the relationship between different types of uterine malformations (obstructive, non-obstructive, and various classifications under the American Fertility Society (FS)) and the incidence of endometriosis, which is characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. The […]

What was studied?The study focused on pulmonary endometriosis, a rare condition characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue in the lungs. It analyzed a series of historical and recent cases, dividing them into two distinct groups based on the characteristics of the lung lesions and their association with pregnancy and endometrial glands. The study aimed […]

What was studied?The meta-analysis focused on the human gut microbiome’s association with various diseases by analyzing 28 published case-control gut microbiome studies covering ten diseases. The researchers aimed to standardize the processing and analysis of these datasets to identify consistent patterns and shifts in the gut microbiome associated with specific diseases or a generalized health-disease […]

What was studied?The study reviewed the relationship between Müllerian duct anomalies (DAs) and endometriosis, focusing on their coexistence and the underlying pathophysiological theories that might explain their association. It extensively covered the embryology, genetics, and pathophysiology of DAs, alongside the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (SRM) classification of these anomalies. The review also detailed different […]

What was studied?The study focused on the role of somatic stem cells (SCs), including endometrial stem cells (SCs) and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SCs), in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. This was conducted through a comprehensive literature review, including in vitro experiments and studies on animal models and human tissue analyses. The research examined the […]

What was studied?The review focused on the role of epigenetic changes in endometriosis, exploring how these modifications influence the disease’s etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic approaches. It reviewed existing evidence up to June 2009, linking epigenetic aberrations such as NA methylation and histone modification to endometriosis, and discussed the potential of these aberrations in developing non-surgical […]

This study links persistent organic pollutants to metabolic alterations in deep endometriosis, identifying trans-nonachlor and 2-hydroxybutyrate as key markers.

What was studied?The study focused on analyzing the receptive-phase endometrial metabolome profiles among women with infertility and examining their associations with adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (D). It aimed to identify metabolomic signatures that could influence the intrauterine environment and impact reproductive outcomes. Who was studied?The study involved 45 women of infertile couples, recruited at the […]

The study in question focused on the use of transvaginal photobiomodulation (V-BM) as a treatment for chronic pelvic pain (PP) in women. Here are the details based on the key aspects of the study: What was studied?The research investigated whether transvaginal photobiomodulation could effectively reduce chronic pelvic pain in women. This was a pilot study aiming […]

What was studied?The study reviewed the potential effects of photobiomodulation (BM) on the vaginal microbiome, particularly exploring theoretical and emerging research on how BM may influence vaginal health through its interaction with microbial communities. Who was studied?The study itself is a review and does not directly study a group of individuals. Instead, it synthesizes research on […]

What was reviewed?The study reviewed the relationship between the gut microbiota and endometriosis, focusing on how the gut microbiota may influence the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potential treatment of endometriosis through various mechanisms such as estrogen modulation, immune response, and inflammation. Who was reviewed?The review did not involve specific individuals as subjects of study but instead synthesized […]

What was studied?The study explored the therapeutic mechanisms and future perspectives of Vaginal Microbiota Transplantation (MT). It focused on transferring healthy vaginal microbiota from a donor to recipients with dysbiotic vaginal microbiomes to restore normal microbial composition and function. Who was studied?The study didn’t involve direct experimentation on individuals. Instead, it reviewed existing research and clinical […]

What was studied?The study focused on the relationship between oral-gut dysbiosis and chronic systemic inflammation, particularly in the context of periodontitis and its associated diseases. It reviewed the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between the microbiome and the host, and explored novel precision medicine approaches aimed at controlling systemic inflammation by modulating the microbiome. The study […]

What was reviewed?The review evaluated the evidence for clinical effects of various microbiome-targeted interventions (BTIs) on cardiometabolic traits. The interventions assessed included dietary changes, dietary supplementation, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and other therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome. The review aimed to understand how these interventions influence cardiometabolic health outcomes and to identify the mechanisms through […]

What was studied?The study investigated whether the induction of endometriosis in mice affects the composition of their gut microbiota. It tested this by transplanting uterine tissue fragments into mice and analyzing changes in the gut microbiota before and after endometriosis induction. Who was studied?Female BL/6 wild-type mice and FP+ transgenic donor mice were used. Uterine tissue […]

This review explores microbiota-targeted interventions for mental health, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, MT, and diet. While promising, large-scale trials are needed to refine evidence-based strategies. Microbiota-based therapies may serve as adjuncts for psychiatric care, highlighting the gut-brain axis as a key target for future research.

What was studied?The study investigated the relationship between the genital tract microbiota and endometriosis, particularly focusing on how microbiota diversity and specific bacteria like Atopobium might be associated with the disease. Who was studied?68 participants, from whom 134 samples were collected from the cervical canal, posterior fornix, and uterine cavity for 16s-rRNA sequencing, were included in […]

What was studied?The study examined the gut microbiota in women with endometriosis compared to healthy controls. It aimed to explore differences based on disease localization, symptoms, or treatment and assess the gut microbiota’s potential role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Who was studied?66 women diagnosed with endometriosis at Skåne University Hospital were studied alongside 198 matched […]

What was studied?The study investigated the interaction between fecal metabolomics and gut microbiota in mice with endometriosis (MS), aiming to identify metabolic changes and microbiota diversity associated with the disease. Who was studied?Female BL/6J mice, utilized to construct an MS model, were the subjects of this research, allowing for the examination of fecal metabolites and gut […]

This study examines the role of the vaginal microbiome in distinguishing chronic pelvic pain caused by endometriosis and adenomyosis. Findings highlight specific microbial signatures associated with pain severity, offering potential non-invasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis and targeted therapeutic strategies.

This study identifies microbiota alterations in ovarian endometrioma, showing distinct microbial shifts in peritoneal fluid extracellular vesicles. Enrichment of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter, alongside depletion of Propionibacterium and Actinomyces, suggests inflammatory contributions to pathogenesis. Findings highlight the diagnostic potential of microbiota-derived Vs in endometrioma management.

What was studied?The study investigated the microbiota distribution across the entire female reproductive tract of endometriosis (MS) patients and non-MS women, aiming to identify MS-specific bacterial species and examine the relationship between flora and disease development. Who was studied?Fifty women undergoing laparoscopic surgery for benign gynecological diseases or pelvic endometriosis at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital were […]

What was studied?The study focused on characterizing the gut and vaginal microbiome profiles of women with endometriosis compared to controls without the disease, exploring the potential of these profiles as less-invasive diagnostic tools for assessing the severity of endometriosis. Who was studied?Fifty-nine women participated in the study, including 35 with endometriosis and 24 control subjects. Rectal […]

Who was studied?The study included forty-nine symptomatic women diagnosed with endometriosis via laparoscopy, who volunteered to participate in the randomized trial. These women were undergoing treatment with long-acting RH agonists and were subsequently monitored for up to six years. What were the most important findings?The study’s key findings indicate that long-term use of RH agonists results […]

What was studied?The study investigated the role of gut microbiota in endometriosis (M), focusing on its differences between individuals with stage 3/4 M and healthy controls and how these differences correlate with serum hormone levels and inflammatory cytokines. Who was studied?The research involved 12 patients diagnosed with stage 3/4 endometriosis and 12 healthy control subjects. The […]

What was studied?The research investigated the impact of antibiotic treatment on the progression of endometriosis, specifically examining how altering the gut microbiota with antibiotics affects the development of endometriotic lesions in a mouse model. Who was studied?Mice subjected to surgically induced endometriosis were studied. These mice were treated with either broad-spectrum antibiotics or metronidazole to assess […]

What was studied?The research focused on investigating the impact of murine endometriosis on gut microbiota composition using high-throughput NA sequencing to explore how the disease affects intestinal microbial communities. Who was studied?The study subjects were mice. These animals were divided into two groups: one group with induced endometriosis through the intraperitoneal injection of endometrial tissues and […]

What was studied?The research focused on investigating microbial colonization in women’s intrauterine environment and cystic fluid, utilizing a molecular approach to detect bacterial presence. This involved examining variations in bacterial types and their implications in the context of endometriosis and treatment effects.Who was studied?The study included 32 women, evenly divided between those diagnosed with endometriosis […]

What was studied?The study investigated the microbiota in the cervical mucus of women with and without endometriosis using next-generation sequencing (GS) technologies. It aimed to clarify whether cervical mucus in women with endometriosis is contaminated with bacteria, which could potentially transmigrate into the intrauterine cavity, influencing the pathogenesis of endometriosis. The research explored the bacterial […]

What was studied?The study investigated the relationship between inflammatory markers (L-6, L-10, L-13, and NF-α), the composition of bacterial flora in peritoneal fluid, and infertility in patients with endometriosis. Who was studied?The participants included 55 patients diagnosed with endometriosis and infertility (observation group) attending a Gynecology Clinic from June 2014 to July 2017 and 30 individuals […]

What was studied?The study focused on identifying and comparing the bacterial patterns present in the vaginal fluid, eutopic endometrium, and endometriotic lesions of patients with endometriosis to those found in the vaginal fluid and eutopic endometrium of control patients without the disease. High-throughput NA sequencing of the 16S rRNA marker gene was utilized to analyze […]

What was studied?The study aimed to investigate how endometriosis affects the uterine and cervical bacterial communities. Utilizing next-generation amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, the research sought to identify alterations in these microbiomes associated with endometriosis and to determine if specific bacterial taxa within the cervix could help diagnose active endometriosis, potentially avoiding […]

This study reveals Anaerococcus as a predictive marker for endometriosis severity and highlights Lactobacillus crispatus’s lactic acid-mediated modulatory role, offering promise for non-invasive diagnostics.

What was studied?The study focused on exploring the associations between the microbiota of the vaginal, cervical, and gut regions and stage 3–4 endometriosis in women. This research aimed to uncover potential differences in the microbiome composition between women diagnosed with advanced endometriosis and healthy controls, particularly at the genus level of microbial classification. Who was studied?The […]

This study reveals that gut microbiota dysbiosis in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases includes shared enrichment of pro-inflammatory taxa like Streptococcus and Eggerthella, alongside depletion of beneficial genera such as Roseburia. These patterns support a common microbial signature across MIDs and highlight potential targets for diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.

What was studied?This study explored the gut microbiota of children diagnosed with early-onset pediatric multiple sclerosis (S) and compared it to controls of similar age and sex. The researchers aimed to identify gut microbial community differences, including taxonomic and functional perturbations, and examined the influence of immunomodulatory drug (MD) exposure. This study also predicted functional […]

This case-control study investigates the gut microbiota’s role in multiple sclerosis (S) pathogenesis by comparing the fecal microbiota of relapsing-remitting S patients to healthy controls. Findings reveal significant microbial dysbiosis in S patients, highlighting differences in the abundance of specific bacterial genera, supporting the gut microbiota’s involvement in S etiology.

What Was The study focused on the association between the composition of cervical microbiota and pregnancy outcomes in a subfertile population undergoing in vitro fertilization (VF). Specifically, it aimed to characterize the cervical microbiota of patients undergoing embryo transfer (T) and assess whether the composition of these microbiota is associated with the outcomes of the […]

What was studied?The study investigated the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with asthenozoospermia (S), a common cause of male infertility characterized by reduced sperm motility. It aimed to identify differences in gut microbiota composition between S patients and healthy controls and explore the potential links between gut microbiota and the development of S. Who was […]

What was studied?The study investigated the differences in gut microbiota between men with erectile dysfunction (D) and healthy controls to identify key microbiota associated with D and explore the potential pathogenic role of specific bacteria.Who was studied?A total of 43 men diagnosed with D and 16 healthy controls, all of whom met specific inclusion criteria […]

This review discusses the increasingly recognized role of the human microbiome in health and disease, particularly focusing on its implications for erectile dysfunction (D). The review highlights several key points:Evidence Linking Microbiome to D Risk Factors: There is compelling evidence associating the gut microbiome with conditions known to contribute to D, including diabetes, hypertension, metabolic […]

What was studied?The study investigated the causal relationship between gut microbiota and the risk of erectile dysfunction (D) using a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach based on genetic data from large WAS studies. Who was studied?Genetic data were analyzed from 223,805 participants in Europe for D and 18,340 participants from 24 cohorts for gut microbiota. What were the […]

What was studied?The study utilized a two-sample Mendelian randomization (R) approach to assess the causal effects of gut microbiota on the risk of erectile dysfunction (D). It analyzed the associations between specific gut microbiota and D using genome-wide association study (WAS) data.Who was studied?The study analyzed genetic and microbiota data from large cohorts, including 18,340 […]

This study confirms a bidirectional causal relationship between Graves’ Disease and the gut microbiome. Key taxa like Deltaproteobacteria elevate D risk, while others, such as Anaerostipes, are protective. These findings advance our understanding of the thyroid-gut axis and suggest microbiome-targeted interventions for D.

What Was This review investigates the hypothesis that severe anemia contributes to the elevated risk of invasive bacterial infections in African children through dysregulation of iron homeostasis, including the disruption of hepcidin—a hepatic hormone that governs iron availability in the body. The authors synthesize evidence from epidemiological, mechanistic, and experimental studies, proposing that the interplay […]

What was studied? The study assessed thyroid function and oxidative stress in foundry workers occupationally exposed to lead (Pb) dust and fumes. It investigated the correlation between blood lead levels (LL) and thyroid hormones, as well as markers of oxidative stress.Who was studied? The study involved 59 adult male foundry workers exposed to lead and […]

What was studied?The study investigated the gut microbial composition in patients with Graves’ disease (D) compared to healthy controls. Who was studied?The study involved 27 D patients and 11 healthy controls, with fecal samples collected for analysis. What were the most important findings?The association between gut microbiota and host homeostasis is pivotal for understanding various diseases, including […]

What was studied?The study investigated the association between calcium-phosphorus balance and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (IS) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cross-sectional studies. Who was studied?The meta-analysis included a total of 646 IS cases and 791 controls, comprising adolescents from various countries, with a focus on sex and menstruation status for subgroup analysis. What […]

What was studied?The study investigated the causal effects of gut microbiota on scoliosis using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (R) approach. Specifically, it aimed to determine whether variations in the composition of gut microbiome taxa could influence the risk of developing scoliosis. The study utilized genetic variants as instrumental variables (Vs) from a large genome-wide […]

Postbiotics are bioactive compounds produced by probiotic bacteria during fermentation, offering health benefits without containing live microorganisms.

“Idiopathic” is a term used in medicine to describe a disease or condition that arises spontaneously or for which the cause is unknown.

Scoliosis, a spinal curvature over 10°, is influenced by gut microbiome variations, affecting spinal, respiratory, and cardiovascular health.

Cholestyramine, a polymer resin, binds bile acids, toxins, and heavy metals, reducing cholesterol and fat absorption, while altering gut microbiome and aiding detoxification.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (BOT) involves breathing pure oxygen in a pressurized chamber, which increases the amount of oxygen dissolved in the blood and delivered to tissues.

Estrogen is a steroid hormone primarily found in women, crucial for reproductive health, secondary sexual characteristics, and various physiological processes. It regulates menstrual cycles, supports pregnancy, and influences bone density and cardiovascular health. Dysregulation of estrogen levels can lead to various disorders and health complications.

A TOP (Suggested Termination Of Practices) is a recommendation that advocates for the discontinuation of certain medical interventions, treatments, or practices based on emerging evidence indicating that these may be ineffective, harmful, or counterproductive in the management of specific conditions.

β-glucuronidase in the gut microbiome breaks down metabolites, drugs, and hormone conjugates like estrogen, aiding microbial energy use and nutrient cycling. Its activity influences drug efficacy and hormone levels, maintaining estrogen balance and impacting health. Disruption in this process can lead to estrogen-related diseases, such as gynecological cancers and menopausal syndrome, and increase colorectal cancer risks by reactivating carcinogens, highlighting its pivotal role in linking microbial actions to host physiological processes.

Gallium is studied for its unique antimicrobial and anticancer properties. It inhibits metalloproteinases, disrupts bacterial iron metabolism, and may enhance antibiotic efficacy, particularly against resistant strains. Gallium compounds show potential as non-traditional therapeutic agents in treating infections and inhibiting cancer cell invasion and metastasis.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (MT) involves transferring fecal bacteria from a healthy donor to a patient to restore microbiome balance.

Vaginal Microbiome Transplant (MT) involves transferring healthy vaginal flora from a donor to a recipient to treat conditions like recurrent bacterial vaginosis. It aims to restore balance in the vaginal microbiome, potentially offering a non-pharmacological treatment option for persistent gynecological disorders.

Transvaginal photobiomodulation (VPBM) is an emerging therapeutic modality that uses light therapy to address various gynecological and pelvic health issues. This treatment is noninvasive and uses specific wavelengths of light to stimulate cellular functions, promoting healing and reducing inflammation.

Lipopolysaccharide (PS), a potent endotoxin present in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria that causes chronic immune responses associated with inflammation.

Metabolomic signatures are unique metabolite patterns linked to specific biological conditions, identified through metabolomics. They reveal underlying biochemical activities, aiding in disease diagnosis, biomarker development, and personalized medicine. The microbiome significantly affects these signatures, influencing health and disease outcomes through metabolic interactions.

The estrobolome is a group of gut bacteria that metabolize estrogen, impacting its levels and effects in the body. By modulating estrogen reabsorption and excretion, the estrobolome influences hormonal balance and risks of estrogen-related conditions, making it a target for therapeutic interventions.